Prevalence and predisposing factors in chronic liver diseases in adults in the world (Original).
Keywords:
alcoholism; cirrhosis; colingitis; epidemiology; steatosis; obesityAbstract
Chronic liver diseases progressively deteriorate the liver, and are characterized by continuous inflammation and destruction of liver tissue, leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. This condition is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can improve the patient's quality of life and life expectancy. This study aims to analyze the prevalence and predisposing factors in chronic liver disease in adults globally. The research methodology was of documentary design and the type of study was explanatory and bibliographic. The results show that, globally, Ecuador is the country with the highest prevalence of liver cirrhosis with 90%; while Mexico has a lower prevalence of 3.6%. The most common predisposing factors are: excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, viral infections and metabolic syndrome. For differential diagnosis, hepatic elastography, serum biomarkers, biopsies and serological tests are performed to distinguish between the various etiologies. In conclusion, chronic liver diseases cause prolonged liver damage and present significant variations with respect to prevalence at a global level. In addition, it has been identified that the set of environmental, metabolic and viral factors contribute to the development of these diseases; that is why several diagnostic tests are performed to identify the pathological condition accurately and to apply an appropriate treatment.
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