Malnutrition and hematological parameters in children and adolescents from 2 to 18 years (Original)
Keywords:
malnutrition; hemoglobin; hematological parameters; acute phase; chronic phaseAbstract
Malnutrition is a nutritional disease caused by insufficient consumption of calories or protein. Primary malnutrition is common among children in underdeveloped countries and is due to a lack of food due to various social, economic and environmental causes. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between malnutrition and hematological parameters in the pediatric population aged 2 to 18 years. The methodology used was based on a descriptive systematic review. The results showed that the highest rate of malnutrition due to malnutrition occurs in South America with 56.5%, while the lowest occurs in Africa with 2.2%. Regarding obesity, South America also registers the highest percentage with 27.5% and the lowest is again in Africa with 2.7%. It is concluded that South America has significantly higher rates of malnutrition and obesity than Africa, which may reflect differences in socioeconomic conditions, access to health care and dietary patterns. In terms of hematological parameters, children with chronic malnutrition present markedly lower hemoglobin levels than those with acute malnutrition, highlighting that chronic malnutrition has a longer and more severe impact on hemoglobin production due to the continued lack of essential nutrients.
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