Evaluation of the march in patients with type espinocerebelosa ataxia 2: Theoretical foundations (Review)

Abstract

The present work presents the results of a bibliographic review carried out on the methods most used for the evaluation of human gait, both normal and pathological. It is particularized in those most used in Cuba, in patients with Type 2 Spinocerebellar Ataxia, specifically in the Holguín province, which has the highest international rate of people with this disease. The study of human gait requires great importance, whose disorder constitutes one of the initial symptoms when the patient begins to debut with ataxia, and its involvement is so progressive that it significantly influences the transition from one stage of the disease to another. The methods for evaluating human gait are varied, and can be grouped into kinematic and kinetic. Some authors refer to tests, scales and indices as methods, when in reality they are measurement instruments that yield quantifiable results. Those of greater application have a qualitative origin, a reason that limits their comparison with the patterns of normal human gait, and to be able to know the level of affectation of each patient, particularized by each indicator that characterizes locomotion. The use of the Mobility Lab stands out as an advanced technology instrument used at the clinical level. This provides quantifiable results, in real time, of most of the indicators that characterize human gait, through the placement of sensors in various parts of the patient's body.