Heart failure as the initial presentation of acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis in pediatrics. Clinical case (Original).

Abstract

Acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis is a disease of immunological cause, in which damage occurs in the glomerulus in response to an infection, mainly pharyngeal or cutaneous, caused by group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus. Its clinical manifestations are variable, essentially a triad: hematuria, edema and hypertension. Among its serious complications are heart failure, acute lung edema, hypertensive encephalopathy and acute renal failure. The diagnosis is mainly clinical and the treatment is based on support measures, since it is generally a self-limiting condition. The objective of the article is to describe the behavior of the disease in a pediatric patient with heart failure secondary to acute post-infectious glomerulonephritis. The clinical ultrasound and electrical diagnosis of heart failure was made in a pediatric patient with APIGN treated in the cardiology clinic of the Hermanos Cordové Pediatric Hospital. A therapeutic plan was imposed which made it possible the total resolution of the disease. The presentation of the clinical case and the review of the bibliography were carried out through search engines, metasearch engines and databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus). Early identification of complications of APIGN is of vital importance, since, in the case of heart failure, it may be part of its initial presentation. The treatment of both diseases must be combined, as well as periodic monitoring of the patient.