Monitoring and identification of fruit fly species in the municipality of Amboim province of Cuanza Sul (Original)

Abstract

Appearance of fruit fly (Diptera-Tephritidae) pests in the municipality of Amboim has caused negative impacts on the production chain, low fruit quality and economic losses for local producers. Hence, identification of the main species of fruit flies and their monitoring are essential and strategic requirements for sustainable production. The present study aimed to monitor the appearance of fruit flies in different mango tree varieties planted at the farm Quinta dos Pomares in Zâmbia, municipality of Amboim from October 2021 to March 2022. There were 30 McPhail-types traps set up in every eight mango trees interval, to capture fruit flies, using mango juice at 90% concentration as an attractant in the traps. Three species were captured, totaling 3 469 fruit flies, of which Bactrocera carambolae was the largest population with 60,1%, followed by Anastrepha fraterculus with 33,2% and Ceratitis capitata with 6,7%. The peak of all species was in January, with significant differences between species and a higher rate of fruits parasitized with larvae in the Haden variety.