Field yield of the rice cultivation to different levels of water in the Cooperative "Mártires del Cauto", Granma (Original)

Abstract

In the period between January and May 2019 in the areas of the Cooperative "Mártires del Cauto", of the Agroindustrial Company of Grain  Fernando Echeniqueˮ ,municipality of Bayamo, Granma province, in conditions of production in tre fields separated by dams and with inputs of independent water, with an area of ​​4.47 ha each, was evaluated, the field yield of rice (Oryza sativa) Selection1 to different irrigation regimes, using 15, 20 and 25 cm of height of the water sheet in the permanent flood trench, maintaining the conditions of supply as indicated in the manual for the rest of the cycle. To assess the effect on rice cultivation, from different sheets of water, three random points from an area of ​​1m² in each treatment were taken as respective samples. At each point observations were made to 10 plants of the morphological indices: height of the plant, tillering, length of the panicle, number of panicles per square meter and yield components: full and empty grains per panicle, as well as the 1000g mass. The data of the climatic variables were taken from the Cauto del Paso dam, distant approximately 4 km from the area where the experimental work was done. The indicators of growth and yield had the same values, when decreased, or the water surface increased by 5 cm in the period of permanent flooding in the crop. The decrease in 5cm of the sheet of water in the period of permanent flooding, did not affect the yield and if the saving of 6600 m³.ha¹ of water, which represents 118 pesos per hectare.