Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province.
type: channel
description: Scientific-educational publication in charge of promoting the most relevant results of the professionals of Education in Granma province, Cuba and Latin America. Roca journal is edited at the Learning and Research Resources Center (CRAI), which belongs to Granma University, through the Continuous Publication System. It encompasses a thematic profile specialized in the different lines of educational scientific research. It publishes works related to Pedagogy, Educational Psychology, Educational Philosophy, Educational Sociology, Sociocultural issues and the teaching of foreign languages.
publisher: Ediciones UDG
language: en
publication name: Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province.
issn: 2074-0735
items: Impact of labor compliance on the financial sustainability of microenterprises in El Oro (Original)
items: Ethical Legacy of Nineteenth-Century Cuban Enlightenment Thinkers: Humanism and Social Critique (Monograph)
items: The essence and validity of the educative thought of Fidel Castro Ruz (Essay)
items: Timely compliance of child support payments and the well-being of children in Ecuador (Review)
items: Aporte y efectividad de los gestores bibliográficos al rigor referencial en los textos científicos
items: Success factors in the adoption of management information systems in small and medium-sized enterprises (Review)
items: Information security and privacy in Management Information Systems (Review)
items: Technology and the generation of competitive advantages in service companies (Review)
items: Integration of Management Information Systems and digital technologies: implications for organizational operational efficiency (Review)
items: Management information systems and the commercial development of the organizations that implement them (Review)
items: Government Information Systems and their impact on the operational area of service companies (Review)
items: Marketing information systems, use of Artificial Intelligence for decision making (Review)
items: Prevention of initial stuttering through music therapy in early childhood (Original)
items: Meaningful learning as the basis to develop reading comprehension in Junior High School (Review)
items: The Execution Stage of Civil Proceedings in Ecuador, in opposition to the Principle of Celerity (Original)
items: The Declaration of Expiration: Its clarity and authority in the administrative sanctioning proceeding (Review)
items: The right of the alleged father in paternity proceedings in Ecuador (Review)
items: Artificial Intelligence and its contribution to decision-making in a company (Review)
items: The Precautionary proceeding in cases of violence against women in opposition to the presumption of innocence in Ecuador (Review)
items: Information and Communication Technologies: tools for competitiveness in Higher Education (Review)
items: Analysis and effects of Article 169, numeral 6 of the Ecuadorian Labor Code on health (Review)
items: Project-Based Learning to understand rural and urban dynamics in junior high school students (Original)
items: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy in Latin american countries (Original)
items: Cultural Heritage Protection Laws: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Tourism (Original)
items: Information systems and their contribution to the operational efficiency of companies (Original)
items: The Information Society and its Influence on the Knowledge Society (Original)
items: Valor de la empatía aplicada en prácticas pedagógicas a nivel global (Original)
items: The influence of artificial intelligence on the sustainability of tourism (Original)
items: Sociocultural competence in the English language teaching-learning process (Review)
items: Pedagogical and instructional leadership in the management of administrative resources (Original)

Impact of labor compliance on the financial sustainability of microenterprises in El Oro (Original)
type: item
description: This study focused on evaluating the impact of labor compliance on the financial sustainability of microenterprises in the province of El Oro. A quantitative, descriptive-correlational methodology with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design was used, employing a survey of 199 microenterprises. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, focusing on Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and linear regression. The results indicated a positive, albeit weak, correlation between labor compliance and financial sustainability (rho = 0.343; p < 0.01), indicating an influence of 17.3%. In conclusion, labor compliance contributes to economic stability; however, it is not a determining factor for ensuring financial sustainability, as this depends to some extent on external factors other than the legal labor framework.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: microenterprise; labor compliance; financial sustainability; impact
  topic: keywords
creator: Stephanie Jamileth Cabrera Rueda
creator: Kenia Lizzeth Carchi Arias
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-05
publication date: 2026-01-05
starting page: 46
ending page: 64

Ethical Legacy of Nineteenth-Century Cuban Enlightenment Thinkers: Humanism and Social Critique (Monograph)
type: item
description: The Nineteenth century in Cuba was fundamental for the consolidation of the nation and Cuban national identity. In this context, a critical thought emerged that analyzed the social problems stemming from the colonial condition and the institution of slavery. The reflections of José Agustín Caballero, Félix Varela, José de la Luz y Caballero, and José Antonio Saco, grounded in a humanist ethics, exemplify this trend. Therefore, this study analyzes how, from a humanist perspective, these intellectuals questioned the oppressive social reality and the moral degradation of their time. They advocated for social reforms, criticized the limitations of scholastic dogmas (without rejecting humanist Christian principles), and emphasized the central role of education in moral regeneration.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Cuban thought; Ethics; Humanism; Nineteenth century; social criticism
  topic: keywords
creator: Liliana Alarcón Vázquez
creator: Lídice Duany Destrade
creator: Alisa Natividad Delgado Tornés
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-02
publication date: 2026-01-02
starting page: 32
ending page: 45

The essence and validity of the educative thought of Fidel Castro Ruz (Essay)
type: item
description: The educational transformation undertaken by Fidel Castro Ruz beginning in 1959 constitutes one of the most profound and enduring legacies of his revolutionary thought. His vision transcended mere public policy to become a civilizational project, where education was conceived, simultaneously, as foundation, tool, and goal of the Revolution for the construction of a new society in which the new man must be formed. In this sense, the essay analyzes the essence and present value of his educative thought with the purpose of understanding the world we live in and be able to preserve the achievements of socialism in Cuba.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Fidel Castro; essence; validity; educational thought; educational transformation, new man
  topic: keywords
creator: Yusdelbis Alvarado García
creator: Sonia Niurka Tornés Mendoza
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-01
publication date: 2026-01-01
starting page: 20
ending page: 31

Timely compliance of child support payments and the well-being of children in Ecuador (Review)
type: item
description: The right to receive child support is essential for the well-being of children, especially after a separation or divorce. This basic income covers vital aspects such as food, health, and education. The study aims to analyse the impact of timely child support payments on children's well-being in Ecuador. A qualitative approach is used to compare the situation with countries such as Chile, Spain, and Argentina, including contributions from Canada and Australia. The findings show that, despite the existing regulatory framework, there are implementation gaps related to procedural timelines, lack of interoperability between the Unified Child Support System, banks, and employers, and barriers to access to justice. To improve this situation, a comprehensive strategy is proposed that includes a state support fund, an automated collection system adjusted to the cost of living, procedural simplification, and psychosocial support for caregivers, concluding that automation and transparency strengthen the effective protection of the best interests of children and adolescents.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: child support; State Fund for Child Support Pensions; psychosocial well-being support; best interests of children and adolescents
  topic: keywords
creator: Rossy Liliana Bardi Moreno
creator: Yudith López Soria
creator: Holger Geovannny García Segarra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-01
publication date: 2026-01-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 19

Aporte y efectividad de los gestores bibliográficos al rigor referencial en los textos científicos
type: item
description: En el desarrollo del contexto universitario, la redacción de trabajos de investigación constituye una habilidad y necesidad fundamental. Sin embargo, disímiles investigaciones científicas han identificado deficiencias en el uso de fuentes y referencias, de acuerdo con las exigencias actuales. En la redacción de artículos científicos e investigaciones en sentido general, el uso de gestores bibliográficos como Zotero, Mendeley o Snote permiten a los investigadores registrar y organizar de forma sistemática todas las fuentes consultadas, automatizando la generación de citas y referencias en formatos normalizados como las normas APA 7 (Baas et al., 2020; Condeso et al., 2026). Estas herramientas facilitan importar referencias desde bases de datos como Scopus y SciELO, adjuntar y anotar archivos PDF, clasificar la información por etiquetas o carpetas temáticas y sincronizar bibliotecas en la nube, lo que reduce la comisión de errores manuales, ahorra tiempo en la etapa de redacción del artículo científico y facilita el trabajo del equipo editorial. De este modo, se integran en el flujo completo de la investigación (búsqueda, lectura crítica, toma de notas y redacción), convirtiéndose así en un soporte clave para la trazabilidad y confiabilidad de la literatura consultada y utilizada (Baas et al., 2020; Condeso et al., 2026).
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Eleidys Matos Basulto
creator: Yamilka Pino Sera
creator: Guillermo Bello Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20

Success factors in the adoption of management information systems in small and medium-sized enterprises (Review)
type: item
description: Small and medium-sized enterprises face the challenge of adapting to a competitive and constantly evolving environment, where the use of management information systems has become a strategic resource for improving decision-making and optimizing internal processes. The objective of this study was to identify the critical factors that influence the adoption and effective use of management information systems in small and medium-sized enterprises. The research adopted a documentary and analytical approach, based on a review of scientific literature, academic reports, and specialized studies in business management and technology. The results show that the adoption of these systems is conditioned by multiple internal factors: resistance to change, staff training, technological infrastructure, and organizational culture. Furthermore, it was determined that training plays a fundamental role in strengthening staff competencies and ensuring the efficient use of the systems. It is concluded that the success of adopting management information systems depends on the balanced integration of these factors. Therefore, small and medium-sized enterprises that strengthen their leadership, invest in training, develop a culture oriented toward innovation, and have adequate technological resources achieve better results in the use of systems and in organizational management.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Management Information Systems; critical success factors; organizational culture; technology adoption
  topic: keywords
creator: Evelyn María Anchundia Anchundia
creator: Betty Jamileth Sancan Pin
creator: Darlin Orlando Chavarría Cruz
creator: Xavier Enrique Soledispa Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
starting page: 567
ending page: 580

Information security and privacy in Management Information Systems (Review)
type: item
description: Information security in management information systems involves protecting a company's important and private data, implementing organizational and legal measures and techniques to guarantee the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information, as well as compliance with privacy laws and regulations. This is done to prevent misuse, unauthorized access, interruption, or destruction of information; in other words, it focuses on ensuring that information remains confidential. This study aims to analyze information security and privacy in Management Information Systems. The methodology employs a qualitative approach through a bibliographic review of scientific articles, journals, theses, and websites. The results of this research show that information security and privacy in management information systems are fundamental to protecting information and preventing its misuse. The study identified the existence of standards such as ISO/IEC and the Organic Law on the Protection of Personal Data, which can guide protection efforts, as well as measures based on risk analysis. This study also demonstrates a close relationship between risk, privacy, and regulations, as these elements work together to ensure responsible, secure, and efficient information management within organizations.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Regulations; tools; software; protection; confidentiality
  topic: keywords
creator: Marilyn Jamibeth Alay Ponce
creator: Scarlen Mallely Sánchez Baque
creator: Lorena Maricela Vera Vera
creator: Carlos Zea Barahona
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
starting page: 554
ending page: 566

Technology and the generation of competitive advantages in service companies (Review)
type: item
description: Technology has become a key strategic factor for strengthening business competitiveness, especially in the service sector, characterized by dynamic and highly competitive environments. This review article aims to analyze the impact of technology on generating competitive advantages in service companies, based on an analysis of theoretical and empirical contributions available in the academic literature. To this end, a qualitative approach with a descriptive design was adopted, based on a bibliographic review of relevant secondary sources related to technology, digital transformation, and business competitiveness. The bibliographic review identified that the most widely used technologies in service companies include enterprise resource planning systems, customer relationship management systems, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and business intelligence tools. These technologies contribute to process optimization, improved service quality, reduced operating costs, and strengthened strategic decision-making, generating sustainable competitive advantages. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the relationship between technology and competitiveness depends on its proper integration into organizational strategy, as well as on factors such as a culture of innovation and the training of human talent. It is concluded that technology, when used strategically, is a fundamental element for the competitive development of service companies, fostering their adaptation, innovation, and sustainability in the market.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: services; sustainable competitiveness; operational efficiency; technological tools
  topic: keywords
creator: Alexander Senon Carrillo Rivera
creator: Heydi Anahi Choez Barahona
creator: Guisell Itamar Ortega González
creator: Xavier Enrique Soledispa Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
starting page: 540
ending page: 553

Integration of Management Information Systems and digital technologies: implications for organizational operational efficiency (Review)
type: item
description: The integration of Management Information Systems with digital technologies has become a strategic factor for improving operational efficiency in contemporary organizations. In this context, this study aims to analyze the implications of integrating Management Information Systems with digital technologies on organizational operational efficiency. The research was conducted using a bibliographic and documentary methodological approach, through a review of relevant scientific articles, books, and academic works related to information systems, technological integration, and organizational management. The analysis identified the main benefits and challenges associated with integrating management information systems with technologies such as artificial intelligence, Big Data, cloud computing, and digital platforms. The results show that proper integration of management information systems significantly contributes to process automation, resource optimization, reduced operating costs, and improved interdepartmental coordination. However, key challenges include resistance to organizational change, the need for continuous training, the integration of legacy systems, and cyber security risks. It is concluded that the integration of management information systems with digital technologies is a strategic necessity for achieving high levels of organizational operational efficiency and strengthening competitiveness in increasingly digital business environments.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Management information systems; digital technologies; organizational operational efficiency; systems integration; digital transformation
  topic: keywords
creator: Karen Madelayne Baque Holguín
creator: María Juliana Cedeño Salvatierra
creator: Eunice Daniela García Mero
creator: Pedro Steven Moreira Cantos
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
starting page: 528
ending page: 539

Management information systems and the commercial development of the organizations that implement them (Review)
type: item
description: In today's business world, organizations are aware that they need tools to optimize their processes, make sound decisions, and achieve sustainable growth. In this context, management information systems have become essential for management within companies. However, business development is essential, as it focuses on identifying and capitalizing on new opportunities, expanding markets, and strengthening business relationships. This process integrates market analysis, customer relationship management, and the creation of strategic alliances that have enabled many companies to thrive. Despite this, many organizations still face challenges in implementing these systems, which limits their growing capacity. The objective of this analysis is to examine how information systems influence business development of organizations that adopt them. The methodology employed is bibliographic and analytical, based on a review of scientific documents. The results indicate that management information systems are a significant support for improving organizational efficiency, effectiveness, and efficacy. Furthermore, their implementation facilitates strategic decision-making, reduces costs, and improves business performance. In conclusion, these are tools that significantly strengthen organizations' commerce, provided they are used within a framework that promotes digital transformation and innovation.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: decision-making; organizational innovation; strategic management; commerce
  topic: keywords
creator: Digna Noemí Paredes Pincay
creator: Jennifer Isabel Cevallos Valeriano
creator: Yesenia Jamileth García Palma
creator: Xavier Enrique Soledispa Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-04
publication date: 2025-12-04
starting page: 513
ending page: 527

Government Information Systems and their impact on the operational area of service companies (Review)
type: item
description: This research analyzes the relevance of Government Information Systems (GIS) to the operations of service companies within the context of digital transformation and the growing interdependence between public and private sectors. Its main objective is to identify the most widely used GIS, how they influence the efficiency, effectiveness, and efficacy of operational processes, and their relationship with internal management information systems. To achieve this, the research adopts a qualitative, documentary, and descriptive approach, compiling and analyzing information from scientific articles, theses, and recent studies. The study is based on the premise that digitization and the proper integration of these systems are crucial for the competitiveness and agility of service companies, which depend on agile, accurate, and transparent operational processes. The results show that platforms such as the Internal Revenue Service, electronic business registries, and social security platforms are the most frequently used systems, with high rates of regular use. These systems have allowed companies to reduce processing times, minimize human error, optimize human resources, and more accurately comply with tax and labor regulations. However, challenges have been identified, such as a lack of interoperability between platforms and the need for training for full adoption.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: operational efficiency; transparency; public management; public services; operability
  topic: keywords
creator: Jessica Tatiana Baque Barahona
creator: Emily Ximena Pinargote Muñiz
creator: Emma Lizbeth Silva Castro
creator: Xavier Enrique Soledispa Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-03
publication date: 2025-12-03
starting page: 501
ending page: 512

Marketing information systems, use of Artificial Intelligence for decision making (Review)
type: item
description: This research highlights the effective implementation of marketing information systems, and within this framework, the use of Artificial Intelligence to support decision-making. In a context where data is an essential strategic resource, organizations seek to leverage it to create offerings aligned with market needs. This research aims to determine whether marketing information systems using Artificial Intelligence contribute to decision-making. The bibliographic and analytical method was used for its development, collecting and analyzing relevant reports, articles, and documents. The results reveal that marketing information systems supported by Artificial Intelligence revolutionize decision-making in organizations by integrating, processing, and analyzing large volumes of data in real time, offering a crucial competitive advantage. Furthermore, these information systems possess key tools for management, consumer behavior analysis, and the optimization of managerial decisions, allowing companies not only to better understand their customers but also to anticipate market trends.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: tools; business environment; technology; marketing
  topic: keywords
creator: Carolina Michelle Andrade Moreira
creator: Dennis Banner Plúa Perea
creator: Neyser Alejandro Chavez Toala
creator: Carlos Artemidoro Zea Barahona
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-04
publication date: 2025-12-04
starting page: 487
ending page: 500

Prevention of initial stuttering through music therapy in early childhood (Original)
type: item
description: Early childhood education and aesthetic training are of singular importance in preventing stuttering and its psychosocial consequences in children. Insufficient oral language development has been identified in children at "Mi Zapatico" day-care center in Santiago de Cuba municipality. These children exhibit low fluency, difficulties in sound articulation and pronunciation, and there is insufficient integration of all educational agents involved in their care. This study aims to propose a system of actions, through music education, for the pedagogical and preventive care of children with early stuttering. Theoretical, empirical, and statistical-mathematical methods were used in its development. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system of actions in addressing the identified problem.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Early childhood education and aesthetic training are of singular importance in preventing stuttering and its psychosocial consequences in children. Insufficient oral language development has been identified in children at
creator: Yoadnia Suárez Suárez
creator: Ángel Bravo Rodríguez
creator: Adia Gell Labañino
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-03
publication date: 2025-12-03
starting page: 474
ending page: 486

Meaningful learning as the basis to develop reading comprehension in Junior High School (Review)
type: item
description: Meaningful learning constitutes a theoretical and pedagogical approach that explains how students construct new knowledge by integrating it with their prior experiences, thereby generating understanding, coherence, and transferability. This article aims to analyze the foundations of meaningful learning and its relationship with the development of reading comprehension in Junior High School, based on an updated theoretical review that incorporates recent contributions from cognitive science and reading pedagogy. The research followed a qualitative, documentary, and descriptive-analytical design through a comprehensive review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025 in high-impact academic databases. The findings reveal a close connection between Ausubel’s principles of conceptual anchoring, teacher mediation, and metacognitive strategies applied in reading instruction. Three key dimensions were identified: activation of prior knowledge, meaningful teacher mediation, and metacognition as a regulatory process of reading learning. Moreover, strategies such as concept mapping, project-based learning, and explicit instruction were found to enhance deep comprehension and intrinsic motivation. In conclusion, meaningful learning provides a solid theoretical and methodological framework to strengthen reading comprehension in Junior High School by promoting student-centered, contextualized, and reflective teaching. Its implementation contributes to the development of autonomous, critical readers capable of transferring knowledge to new learning situations.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: meaningful learning; reading comprehension; Junior High School; metacognition; teaching strategies
  topic: keywords
creator: Jacqueline Aracely Llive Guerrero
creator: Dayami Álvarez Ayala.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-03
publication date: 2026-01-03
starting page: 457
ending page: 473

The Execution Stage of Civil Proceedings in Ecuador, in opposition to the Principle of Celerity (Original)
type: item
description: This article aims to propose a regulatory reform that establishes specific procedural deadlines for the execution phase of civil proceedings in Ecuador, with the purpose of strengthening the principle of procedural efficiency and guaranteeing effective judicial protection. To achieve this, a combined-methods approach was adopted: from a qualitative perspective, current regulations were interpreted using exegetical, analytical, and inductive-deductive methods; and from a quantitative perspective, statistical methods were applied to measure the actual duration of proceedings in the province of Guayas (2021-2023). As a result, a comprehensive reform is proposed that includes the establishment of binding deadlines, specialized courts, effective digitalization, management indicators, and judicial training, in order to transform the enforcement stage into an efficient and effective phase of the civil process.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: procedural celerity; enforcement of judgments; regulatory reform; effective judicial protection; judicial digitalization
  topic: keywords
creator: Stephania Liliana Guerra Ramírez
creator: Karen Stefania Jara Badillo
creator: Yudith López Soria
creator: Holger Geovanny García Segarra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-03
publication date: 2025-12-03
starting page: 438
ending page: 456

The Declaration of Expiration: Its clarity and authority in the administrative sanctioning proceeding (Review)
type: item
description: Within the administrative sanctioning process derived from the sanctioning power of the public administration, conduct attributable to individuals is judged, with sanctioning consequences. Therefore, as in any application of the State's punitive power, the rigor of due process becomes even more relevant, as it contributes to legal certainty as a right and guarantee for citizens. However, the Organic Administrative Code in force in Ecuador since 2017 presents a difficulty in that it does not clearly define from which procedural moment the statute of limitations, with its extinguishing effects, should begin to run. For these reasons, the objective of this study was to analyze the appropriate legal timeframe that must elapse during the investigative stage for the statute of limitations to apply in administrative sanctioning procedures, thus guaranteeing legal certainty. Through the implementation of a qualitative approach, the methods of Analysis-synthesis, Exegetical analysis, and Inductive reasoning were used, revealing the need to modify this body of regulations in order to establish a clear definition of this moment, thus guaranteeing legal certainty.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: declaration of expiration; administrative sanctioning procedure; clarity; specificity; legal certainty
  topic: keywords
creator: María José Montalvo Moreira
creator: Yudith López Soria
creator: Holger Geovanny García Segarra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-03
publication date: 2025-12-03
starting page: 423
ending page: 437

The right of the alleged father in paternity proceedings in Ecuador (Review)
type: item
description: The general objective of this article is to argue how the procedural treatment of paternity cases within the Ecuadorian legal system affects the rights of the alleged father, particularly, regarding his effective participation, procedural guarantees, and access to justice. To achieve this, a qualitative approach is applied, employing methods like Analytical-synthetic, Exegetical, Comparative-legal, and Inductive. These methods allow for a rigorous examination of the Ecuadorian legal framework, relevant jurisprudence, and international human rights instruments. Through Bibliographic Review and Case Review techniques, the existing tensions between protecting the best interests of the child and respecting due process are identified, including the alleged father's right to a defense and the principle of equality. The study concludes that, although Ecuadorian law incorporates principles of procedural protection, in practice, gaps persist that limit the effective participation of the alleged father, particularly in the initial stages of the process. Therefore, it is necessary to consider which aspects of procedural guarantees need strengthening and ensure their effective application.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: rights; alleged father; paternity proceedings; Ecuador
  topic: keywords
creator: Juan Carlos Bajaña Erazo
creator: Andrea Carolina Gallo Gutiérrez
creator: Yudith López Soria
creator: Holger Geovanny García Segarra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-02
publication date: 2025-12-02
starting page: 404
ending page: 422

Artificial Intelligence and its contribution to decision-making in a company (Review)
type: item
description: Artificial Intelligence is revolutionizing the way organizations manage their information and directly impact the effectiveness of Management Information Systems. Traditionally, these systems process and disseminate data to support decision-making by processing and distributing data to managers. However, the sheer volume of data obtained often exceeds human analysis capabilities. This research aims to determine how Artificial Intelligence contributes to Management Information Systems for decision-making within a company. Using a qualitative approach and a descriptive and analytical methodology, the two variables of this topic are described and analyzed. The research demonstrates that integrating Artificial Intelligence with Management Information Systems optimizes the processing and analysis of large volumes of data, overcoming traditional human limitations. This fusion transforms business management by converting data into actionable knowledge, enabling organizations to anticipate changes, increase agility, and reduce errors in decision-making. This fosters operational efficiency, resource optimization, and a culture of innovation.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: business intelligence; digital transformation; data processing; performance indicators
  topic: keywords
creator: Héctor Samuel Levy Palma
creator: Alvin Paul García Toala
creator: Elvis Javier Suarez Borbor
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-02
publication date: 2025-12-02
starting page: 391
ending page: 403

The Precautionary proceeding in cases of violence against women in opposition to the presumption of innocence in Ecuador (Review)
type: item
description: The Comprehensive Organic Law to Prevent and Eradicate Violence against Women represents a positive action by the Ecuadorian State to confront, prevent, and reduce rates of gender-based violence in the country. However, its effectiveness is questionable precisely because, for a law to achieve its purpose, it must guarantee due process from beginning to end. Nevertheless, when applying precautionary measures to individuals accused of gender-based violence, the presumption of innocence is seriously violated because it is effectively nonexistent. A qualitative research approach was applied, using scientific methods such as Historical-logical analysis, Analysis-synthesis, and Exegetical analysis, which allowed for the analysis of the impact of precautionary procedures on the constitutional guarantee of the presumption of innocence in Ecuador. In this sense, it is insufficient to implement measures that guarantee a woman's life and physical, moral, and sexual integrity if there is no assurance that due process is being fully respected. In conclusion, this study highlights the tension between the need to provide immediate protection to victims of gender-based violence and the constitutional obligation to guarantee the presumption of innocence. The results show that this situation compromises fundamental rights and weakens the legitimacy of the justice system, providing critical elements for rethinking the design of precautionary procedures in Ecuador.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: gender-based violence; precautionary procedure; presumption of innocence; due process
  topic: keywords
creator: Clara Elena Carrión
creator: Yudith López Soria
creator: Holger Geovanny García Segarra
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-12-01
publication date: 2025-12-01
starting page: 374
ending page: 390

Information and Communication Technologies: tools for competitiveness in Higher Education (Review)
type: item
description: This article analyzes the role of Information and Communication Technologies as a key tool to strengthen the competitiveness of higher education institutions. Based on a bibliographic review, various theoretical approaches are examined that demonstrate how these technologies have transformed both pedagogical and administrative processes within universities. Their implementation has expanded access to education, improved academic quality, fostered innovation, facilitated internationalization, and maintained educational continuity during crises such as the pandemic. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach, gathering information from more than fifteen academic and official sources between 2019 and 2025. The results show that universities where Information and Communication Technologies achieve higher rankings develop more flexible educational programs, strengthen the role of the teacher as a facilitator of learning, and offer more personalized and up-to-date educational experiences. It is concluded that these technologies should not only be viewed as a technological resource, but also as a structural element that directly impacts institutional sustainability and competitiveness. Furthermore, they represent an opportunity to transform higher education in an increasingly digital, demanding, and globalized environment.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: technologies; competitiveness; academic management; digital transformation
  topic: keywords
creator: Mayerly Anay Mero Paredes
creator: Ariana Lilibeth Vallejo Preciado
creator: Bryan Janpol Vera Orrala
creator: Xavier Enrique Soledispa Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-27
publication date: 2025-11-27
starting page: 362
ending page: 373

Analysis and effects of Article 169, numeral 6 of the Ecuadorian Labor Code on health (Review)
type: item
description: Labor rights have become a fundamental issue in international treaties and national regulations, as they are the result of workers' struggles to have decent treatment in a general sense. In Ecuador, the Labor Code stipulates, in article 169, the grounds on which a labor relationship between employer and employee can be terminated. Among these grounds, numeral 6 of that article establishes that the relationship can be concluded due to force majeure or unforeseen circumstances. This ground has been misused by employers on many occasions to terminate labor relationships, especially during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this research was to analyze the effects of the application of numeral 6 of article 169 of the Ecuadorian Labor Code on health professionals, considering its impact on working conditions and social consequences. To achieve this, methods such as document analysis, synthesis, induction, and deduction were used, as well as legal hermeneutics and the exegetical method. Finally, it was evident that the indiscriminate application of this cause significantly harms health professionals and, by extension, the healthcare system and society at large, requiring more careful regulation and supervision.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: labor rights; termination of labor contracts; legal effects; force majeure and fortuitous event; health professionals; Ecuador
  topic: keywords
creator: David Alejandro Rodríguez García
creator: Ana Belén Carrillo Minchalo
creator: Guido Ecuador Peña Armijos
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-09-22
publication date: 2025-09-22
starting page: 538
ending page: 557

Project-Based Learning to understand rural and urban dynamics in junior high school students (Original)
type: item
description: The Ecuadorian education system faces persistent challenges in strengthening students’ understanding of sociocultural and territorial contexts, particularly regarding the dynamics of rural and urban life. Educational inequalities, limited access to resources, and the predominance of traditional teaching methods hinder the development of meaningful learning in Basic Education. In response to this issue, this study proposes a pedagogical strategy based on Project-Based Learning for sixth-grade students at the “Raquel Naranjo Galán” Elementary School, located in a mixed rural–urban environment. The proposal includes three core components: teacher training, the creation of contextualized didactic materials, and the implementation of an interdisciplinary project that promotes inquiry, critical analysis, collaboration, and territorial awareness. The theoretical framework draws on Ausubel’s Meaningful Learning Theory, Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Approach, intercultural education principles, and socio-emotional competence development, supporting the effectiveness of Project-Based Learning for fostering deep and contextualized learning. Expected outcomes indicate that the strategy will improve students’ understanding of rural and urban dynamics, enhance motivation, strengthen active participation, and encourage more inclusive and context-sensitive teaching practices. The study concludes that Project-Based Learning is an effective methodology for linking curricular content with students’ real-life experiences, thus contributing to an equitable, meaningful, and territorially conscious educational process.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Project-Based Learning; rural and urban dynamics; Basic Education; intercultural education; meaningful learning; contextualized pedagogy
  topic: keywords
creator: Freddy Alberto Casis Zamora
creator: Gary Laureano Guerrero Cunalata
creator: Dussan Romario Defaz Chango
creator: Tairon Javier Pilaló León
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-17
publication date: 2025-11-17
starting page: 344
ending page: 361

Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy in Latin american countries (Original)
type: item
description: Cytomegalovirus infects people of all ages. Once this virus enters the body, it remains there for life and can be reactivated. This virus is the most common cause of congenital fetal infection, which can cause fetal and neonatal death, as well as serious sequelae in childhood. The objective of the research was to identify the clinical manifestations and diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy in Latin American countries. The methodology used was a descriptive study and documentary design. The results highlight that the Latin American countries with the highest frequency of cases of this infection are Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina and Guatemala, on the other hand, the most common clinical manifestations are fever, petechial and anemia. Regarding diagnosis, the most used methods were serology, with IgG and IgM tests, the PCR test and culture. This leads us to conclude that the presence of cytomegalovirus is very common in pregnant women, which can cause maternal-fetal health problems. Therefore, early diagnosis of this infection and adequate treatment are important, since there is no cure.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: pregnancy; cytomegalovirus; diagnostic tests; symptoms
  topic: keywords
creator: Jaime Mora Vicente Augusto
creator: Gilson Alfonso Hidalgo Villavicencio
creator: Lidia Fernanda Jijón Cañarte
creator: Arianna Nicole Zavala Hoppe
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-26
publication date: 2025-02-26
starting page: 557
ending page: 568

Cultural Heritage Protection Laws: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Tourism (Original)
type: item
description: Cultural heritage management, in relation to sustainable tourism, faces challenges and presents opportunities for sustainable development. This study aimed to examine the challenges and opportunities that cultural heritage protection laws generate in the sustainable development of tourism, identifying best practices and areas for improvement. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed to address perceptions and knowledge of various demographic groups regarding the existing legal framework. The findings indicate that the perception of the effectiveness of protection laws is not homogeneous, with 53.6% of participants recognizing a positive impact, while 26.8% believe they do not contribute to sustainable tourism. Furthermore, a correlation was evidenced between knowledge of the laws and their relationship with tourism and cultural awareness. The integration of education and community participation is essential to improve the effectiveness of the laws and empower local communities. This will facilitate sustainable tourism that benefits both visitors and residents. Strengthening the legal framework through its application and integration into tourism development policies is fundamental to fostering cultural awareness and appreciation in the context of tourism.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: community education; cultural heritage; public policies; sustainable development; sustainable tourism
  topic: keywords
creator: Alcides Javier López Zambrano
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-26
publication date: 2025-02-26
starting page: 542
ending page: 556

Information systems and their contribution to the operational efficiency of companies (Original)
type: item
description: This research highlights that the effective implementation of information systems improves operational efficiency, it also transforms the organizational culture of companies, focusing on the use of accurate data to be more competitive. Currently, companies integrate these systems as they are evolving rapidly due to digital transformation and the integration of advanced technologies. The general objective of this study is to determine how information systems contribute to the operational efficiency of companies. For its development, the bibliographic and analytical method was used for the compilation and analysis of reports; relevant articles and documents were reviewed. The results reveal that information systems are fundamental for organizational development, especially in financial areas, since they facilitate forecasts that are crucial for effective decision making. Companies that invest in information technologies obtain significant advantages by adapting quickly to market changes and responding quickly to customer needs. These systems optimize time, resources and costs in daily operations, minimizing errors. In addition, it is observed that they improve collaboration between departments and with clients and suppliers, allowing effective comparisons between companies that use and do not use information systems.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Implementation; digital transformation; organizational culture; competitiveness
  topic: keywords
creator: Silvana Lilibeth Verduga Montalván
creator: Ariel Alexander Gómez Vera
creator: Génesis Paola Ganchozo Pibaque
creator: Xavier Enrique Soledispa Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-24
publication date: 2025-02-24
starting page: 500
ending page: 512

The Information Society and its Influence on the Knowledge Society (Original)
type: item
description: The objective of this article is to determine how the information society influences the consolidation of the knowledge society, considering the links, opportunities and challenges between both. To do this, a bibliographic review methodology was used, based on the critical analysis of theoretical and empirical sources related to the topic. This approach allowed us to identify the main conceptual contributions to the information society and its evolution towards a knowledge society. The results obtained indicate that the information society, although fundamental for massive access to data and technological resources, does not by itself guarantee the generation of applicable knowledge. The positive impact of this transition depends on factors such as closing the digital divide, training in critical skills for information management, and developing inclusive environments that promote innovation and learning. Likewise, it is highlighted that the knowledge society transforms information into useful knowledge and promotes sustainable development based on education and well-being. It is concluded that, to consolidate the influence of the information society in the knowledge society, it is essential to implement strategies that combine equitable access to information and communication technologies with the comprehensive training of individuals, thus guaranteeing balanced progress.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: knowledge; society; education; digital; development
  topic: keywords
creator: Angie María Choez Holguín
creator: Alexandra Irene Quintanilla Jaya
creator: Ximena Yamileth Toala Castro
creator: Xavier Enrrique Soledispa Rodríguez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-24
publication date: 2025-02-24
starting page: 487
ending page: 499

Valor de la empatía aplicada en prácticas pedagógicas a nivel global (Original)
type: item
description: Empathy has a transformative impact on pedagogical practices by promoting the integral development of students, reducing inequalities and preparing future generations to face global challenges in a conscious and supportive way. The object of study was to establish the importance of the value of empathy applied in pedagogical practices at a global level. Applying a document design methodology and the type of study is explanatory and bibliographic. It was evident that empathy in pedagogical practices has a significant reach at the global level, since it influences the quality of education, the socio-emotional development of students and the construction of more inclusive and tolerant societies. In addition, the lack of empathy in pedagogical practices has a significant academic impact that affects not only the Not only does it require specific training measures that involve both initial and continuing teacher training, as well as strategies aimed at the educational environment in general.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: Pedagogy; principles; socio-emotional; students, impact; empathy
  topic: keywords
creator: Holanda Victoria Ayón Ochoa
creator: Arianna Nicole Zavala Hoppe
creator: Pedro Segundo Falconi Yépez
creator: Pedro Marcelino Falconi Ayón
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-19
publication date: 2025-02-19
starting page: 417
ending page: 428

The influence of artificial intelligence on the sustainability of tourism (Original)
type: item
description: Tourism today has undergone a series of transformations which have allowed it to adapt to the demands of this modern era by applying artificial intelligence. Its object of study was to identify the influence of artificial intelligence on the sustainability of tourism. A documentary design methodology was applied and the type of study is explanatory and bibliographic. Its most relevant results demonstrated great interest in the integration of artificial intelligence in tourism, with a 20% increase in the adoption of artificial intelligence -based tools in the last five years. Artificial intelligence is an innovative tool that allows users to virtually explore tourist attractions before their physical visit, in addition to being a main alternative for people with motor disabilities who can live the experience of visiting tourist places. Concluding that artificial intelligence is beginning to have a significant impact on the sustainability of tourism, both from an environmental and social and economic perspective. It also has transformative potential to make tourism more sustainable, but it also presents challenges, such as the need to prevent technologies from exacerbating inequalities or being used in ways that harm local communities. It is crucial that sustainable tourism policies incorporate artificial intelligence responsibly to maximize its benefits.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: tourism; sustainable; impact; technology; scope
  topic: keywords
creator: Pedro Segundo Falconi Yépez
creator: Holanda Victoria Ayón Ochoa
creator: Arianna Nicole Zavala Hoppe
creator: Pedro Manuel Falconi Ayón
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-17
publication date: 2025-02-17
starting page: 362
ending page: 373

Sociocultural competence in the English language teaching-learning process (Review)
type: item
description: The development of sociocultural competence in the English language teaching-learning process is crucial for achieving effective communication in intercultural settings. This article examines the educational variables that influence the teaching of this foreign language, emphasizing sociocultural competence as a core component of the curriculum. The main objective is to examine research that addresses this competence from pedagogical perspectives, facilitating the understanding of the values, customs, and cultural contexts of native speakers through the subject History of the Culture of English-Speaking Peoples I. Among the methods used, documentary analysis stands out, allowing for the identification of relevant approaches and content in sociocultural training, and observation, used to record dynamics and outcomes of pedagogical strategies in the classroom. The search was conducted in specialized databases such as Scielo, Dialnet, and Redalyc, which enabled the selection of representative studies. The results indicate that integrating cultural content into teaching enhances communicative competence and student interest in the language. Furthermore, active methodologies, such as project-based learning and multimedia resources, were identified as conducive to cultural immersion. It is concluded that strengthening sociocultural competence enriches the educational process and prepares students to interact in a globalized world, where intercultural understanding is essential for both coexistence and collaborative work.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: meaningful learning; sociocultural competence; English teaching; interculturality; active methodologies
  topic: keywords
creator: Susel García Rivas
creator: Eduardo Escalona Pardo
creator: Yusimí Frías Reyes
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-13
publication date: 2025-11-13
starting page: 331
ending page: 343

Pedagogical and instructional leadership in the management of administrative resources (Original)
type: item
description: Pedagogical and instructional leadership is essential to strengthen institutional coexistence and to improve administrative processes within the educational context. At "Nueve de Octubre" Junior High School, this type of leadership has directly influenced planning, organization, and decision-making—aspects that impact educational quality and the participation of the members of the school community. This study analyzes the relationship between the institutional leadership exercised by the leading staff and administrative management, with the aim of understanding how these factors interact and influence organizational development. It arises from institutional practices stemming from inappropriate educational policies, especially those related to the appointment of authorities. To examine this reality, a descriptive methodology based on surveys applied to administrators, teachers, and students was used, considering variables such as leadership style, communication, resources, training, and community participation. The results show that the predominant leadership style is democratic, although diverse perceptions were identified among educational personnel regarding authoritarian or liberal characteristics. The study concludes that pedagogical leadership has a significant impact on administrative management and that strengthening it is essential for optimizing educational quality and promoting a cohesive organizational climate focused on achieving institutional objectives.
subject: Artículos
  topic: section
subject: institutional leadership; administrative management; organizational development; educational quality
  topic: keywords
creator: Nancy Dilcelia Jama Fajardo
creator: David Manuel Hidalgo Burgos
creator: Jonathan Michael García Sellan
creator: Genesis Malena Rey Monar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roca. Scientific-educational publication of Granma province. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-12
publication date: 2025-11-12
starting page: 318
ending page: 330