Evaluation "in vitro" of essential oil origanum vulgare in front of varroosis in apis mellifera

Abstract

With the aim of evaluating "in vitro" the essential oil of oregano (Origanum vulgare) in the control of varroosis. Fresh leaves were collected at random from the plant in the community of El Níspero belonging to the Jobabo municipality of Las Tunas province. The essential oil was extracted by means of the hydrodistillation method (with water and steam) in the (CEQA). The parasites were collected in an apiary in the community of Santa Isabel, Bayamo from drone combs of the Apis mellifera species. For the evaluation of the acaricida effect, concentrations of 1, 5, 10 and 20% were used respectively. Distilled water was used as a control. 15 mites were placed in a Petri dish with filter paper impregnated with the product, less in the control, 15 mites in each one of them. The readings were made at 4, 8 and 24 hours. Three replicates were made. The percentage of dead mites was determined by observation in the microscope-stereoscope. The analysis of variance was carried out for the comparison of proportions. By using the COMPARPRO 1.0 Program Font et al., 2007. There was a significant difference between the percentage of dead mites by concentration, showing the highest mortality values ​​at 10 and 20% with 87 and 93% respectively. It is concluded that the biopreparation has an antiparasitic effect against the Varroa destructor mite of Apis mellifera.