Professional training of the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing: clinical integration in ventilator-associated pneumonia
Keywords:
intensive care; professional training; Bachelor's Degree in Nursing; pneumonia; mechanical ventilationAbstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia is one of the most frequent and lethal infections in intensive care units, with high morbidity and mortality. In addition to its clinical impact, it represents a relevant training scenario for the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing. The article aims to analyze the clinical outcomes in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia, highlighting the value of analysis as a core axis of integration in the professional training of the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in the Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital Provincial Docente Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, between November 2024 and February 2025. The universe included 220 ventilated patients; the sample taken was 72, who developed nosocomial pneumonia related to mechanical ventilation. Clinical and epidemiological variables were analyzed using surveys and hospital records, processed with the SPSS statistical package. The results showed a predominance of patients over 70 years of age and the female sex. The most frequent diagnoses were cerebrovascular disease and postoperative complications. Pneumonia appeared in more than two-thirds of cases during the first six days of ventilation. The most common germs were Acinetobacter and Enterobacter spp. Mortality reached 61,1 %. It was concluded that ventilator-associated pneumonia constitutes a clinical problem of high lethality and, simultaneously, a core axis of pedagogical integration in the training of the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing, as it strengthened their research, care, and ethical competencies.
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